全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2677篇 |
免费 | 307篇 |
国内免费 | 173篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 685篇 |
晶体学 | 14篇 |
力学 | 1325篇 |
综合类 | 32篇 |
数学 | 226篇 |
物理学 | 875篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 22篇 |
2022年 | 16篇 |
2021年 | 51篇 |
2020年 | 62篇 |
2019年 | 45篇 |
2018年 | 56篇 |
2017年 | 76篇 |
2016年 | 83篇 |
2015年 | 77篇 |
2014年 | 98篇 |
2013年 | 214篇 |
2012年 | 109篇 |
2011年 | 133篇 |
2010年 | 101篇 |
2009年 | 140篇 |
2008年 | 148篇 |
2007年 | 164篇 |
2006年 | 153篇 |
2005年 | 160篇 |
2004年 | 164篇 |
2003年 | 120篇 |
2002年 | 95篇 |
2001年 | 96篇 |
2000年 | 92篇 |
1999年 | 79篇 |
1998年 | 69篇 |
1997年 | 72篇 |
1996年 | 82篇 |
1995年 | 57篇 |
1994年 | 51篇 |
1993年 | 42篇 |
1992年 | 44篇 |
1991年 | 29篇 |
1990年 | 19篇 |
1989年 | 19篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 14篇 |
1986年 | 21篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 21篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1957年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有3157条查询结果,搜索用时 640 毫秒
41.
Suzdalev I. P. Buravtsev V. N. Maksimov Yu. V. Zharov A. A. Imshennik V. K. Novichikhin S. V. Matveev V. V. 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》2003,52(9):1950-1958
Magnetic phase transitions of the first and second order were revealed by Mössbauer spectroscopy in nanosystems of - and -ferric oxides and metallic europium subjected to shear stress (240°) under high pressure (20 kbar). For - and -ferric oxide nanoclusters, the Curie (Neel) points decreased to 300 K, whereas for nanostructured europium the Neel point increased from 90 to 100 K. The thermodynamic model of magnetic phase transitions predicting a change in the character of magnetic phase transitions and a decrease (increase) in the critical Neel (Curie) points in nanoclusters was developed. The type of magnetic phase transitions and the change in the critical points were caused by defects in nanoclusters, whose maximum concentration was observed for the clusters with the 20—50 nm size range. 相似文献
42.
E. P. Honig 《Rheologica Acta》1987,26(1):2-6
Equations are derived for the coaxial cylinder system in the combined oscillatory and steady-state shear mode. The limitations of the use of the various equations are presented. If the usual linear equations are used, the main limitation, in the case of oscillatory shear only, is that the frequency of measurement should be below 0.016 |
*|/(r
2
–r
1
)2. Here |
*| is the modulus of the complex viscosity, is the density of the liquid andr
1
andr
2
are the radii of the cylinders. Furthermore it is shown that there is a small error in the numerical factor of the usually applied equations. The calculations are set up in such a way that extension to higher harmonics follows in a natural way. An experimental example illustrates the use of the derived equations. 相似文献
43.
44.
Crouch R Boyer RD Johnson R Krishnamurthy K 《Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC》2004,42(3):301-307
Compensation of refocusing inefficiency in a gHMBC experiment by replacing the rectangular pi pulse with a pair of adiabatic pulses with synchronized inversion sweep (CRISIS) significantly improves the performance of the gHMBC experiment. The CRISIS-gHMBC experiment retains the pure absorptive shapes in F1 and hence results in better lineshape and higher resolution than the current versions of magnitude mode gHMBC spectra. When used as a broadband experiment, CRISIS-gHMBC, owing to better refocusing efficiency of the adiabatic pulse pairs, gives improved performance across the 13C spectral width. Moreover, it is shown that CRISIS-gHMBC is a robust and improved alternative and when used along with the IMPRESS (Improved Resolution using Symmetrically Shifted pulses) technique further increases the sensitivity and resolution without additional experimental time. The IMPRESS-CRISIS combination is demonstrated for broadband gHMBC and band-selective gHMBC experiments. The ICbs-gHMBC [IMPRESS-CRISIS-band-selective gHMBC] experiment is an attractive and better alternative to individual band-selective gHMBC. 相似文献
45.
K. Osaki T. Inoue T. Uematsu Y. Yamashita 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2002,40(10):1038-1045
Linear viscoelasticity behavior is described with the sum of two terms for polystyrene solutions in tricresyl phosphate around the coil overlapping concentration (K. Osaki, T. Inoue, & T. Uematsu, J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 2001, 39, 211). One is a Rouse–Zimm (RZ) term represented by the Zimm theory with arbitrarily chosen values of the hydrodynamic interaction parameter and the longest relaxation time (τRZ). The other (the L term) consists of a relaxation mode with a single relaxation time (τL > τRZ) and a high‐frequency limiting modulus proportional to the square of the concentration. In this study, we describe the viscosity (η) and first normal stress coefficient (Ψ1) in steady shear with simple formulas. The stress due to the L term is assumed to be given by a Kaye, Bernstein, Kearsley, and Zapas (K‐BKZ) equation with the damping function h(γ) = (1 + 0.2γ2)?1/2, where γ is the magnitude of shear. Contributions to η and Ψ1 from the RZ term are derived from the RZ model, in which the relaxation time in steady flow is given by τst = τ + (τRZ ? τ)/(1 + 0.35τRZ γ˙) instead of τRZ. Here, γ˙ is the rate of shear, and τ is the τRZ value at the infinite dilution limit. η and Ψ1 at various concentrations for two polystyrene samples (with molecular weights of 2890 and 8420 kg mol?1) are well described with parameters derived from dynamic viscoelasticity. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 40: 1038–1045, 2002 相似文献
46.
J. M. Igartua G. Aguirre-Zamalloa I. Ruiz-Larrea M. Couzi A. López-Echarri T. Breczewski 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》1994,41(6):1211-1215
The specific heat of N(CH3)4CdBr3 from 50 to 300 K has been measured by adiabatic calorimetry, using both static and dynamic methods. The obtained results have permitted a careful study of the ferro-paraelectric phase transition the crystal shows at 160 K. The available spectroscopic data have been used to generate a reliable baseline which accounts for the normal lattice contribution to the specific heat. These results allow for an accurate estimation of the phase transition thermodynamic functions: ΔH=2620 J·mol?1 and ΔS=18.04 J·(mol°C)?1. These high values are in agreement with the predictions of the 6 well potential Frenkel model. 相似文献
47.
Momentum transfer was investigated in an unbaffled agitated vessel of inner diameter 0.3 m equipped with different off-centred
impellers. The distribution of the shear rate on the tank wall as a function of the impeller type and Reynolds number was
studied in the turbulent regime of the Newtonian liquid flow. The dependences of the averaged dimensionless shear rate, friction
coefficient, and dissipated energy on the Reynolds number and eccentricity ratio were approximated using four-parameter equations.
Presented at the 33rd International Conference of the Slovak Society of Chemical Engineering, Tatranské Matliare, 22–26 May
2006. 相似文献
48.
考虑壁面滑移的Z-W流变模型及其应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
总结了聚合物熔体在剪切溶场壁面滑移研究的成果,提出了Z-W模型的物理概念。该模型考虑了界面分子链和固体壁面间解吸-吸附而发生的滑移。界面分子链和内部分子链间解缠-重新缠结而发生的表观滑移以及变形摩擦滑移。在稳态简单剪切流运过程,模型可以化简为应力和应变的二次微分方程,说明了壁面滑移来源于Cohesive滑移和Adhesive滑移两部分,对于自激振荡相关的多重内振荡和多重外振荡进行了归纳,应用统一模型定性地解释了毛细管实验中剪切应力的非线性,瞬态自激振荡、滑-粘转换和鲨鱼皮等现象,在聚合物熔体振动剪切流动(LAOS)中,统一模型可以简化为杜芬方程,通过模拟发现,该模型可解释小应变振幅下振动剪切时的线性流变行为和在大振幅振动流动中的复杂非线性行为。非线性行为与熔体粘弹性以及近壁面界面层的性质有关,统一模型在特殊情况下还可以简化Joshi模型,结构网络模型,Hatzikiriakos或等效的Graham模型,可见,Z-W模型内内涵比较丰富,适用面较广,也从一个侧面说明该模型具有相当的合理性。 相似文献
49.
稀土高氯酸盐-谷氨酸配合物[Pr2(L-α-Glu)2(ClO4)(H2O)7](ClO4)3•4H2O的低温热容和热化学研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
合成了一种稀土高氯酸盐-谷氨酸配合物. 经TG/DTG、化学和元素分析、FTIR及与相关文献对比, 确定其组成为[Pr2(L-α-Glu)2(ClO4)(H2O)7](ClO4)3•4H2O, 纯度为99.0%以上. 利用显微熔点仪分析发现其没有熔点. 在78~370 K温区, 用精密绝热量热仪测量其低温热容, 在285~306 K温区发现一明显吸热峰, 归结为固-固相变过程. 通过相变温区三次重复热容测量, 得到相变温度Ttr、相变焓ΔtrHm和相变熵ΔtrSm分别为(297.158±0.280) K, (12.338±0.016) kJ•mol-1和(41.520±0.156) J•K-1•mol-1. 用最小二乘法将非相变温区的热容对温度进行拟合, 得到了热容随温度变化的两个多项式方程. 用此方程进行数值积分, 得到每隔5 K的舒平热容值和相对于273.15 K的热力学函数值. 根据TG/DTG结果, 推测了该配合物的热分解机理. 依据Hess定律, 选择1 mol•dm-3盐酸为量热溶剂, 利用等温环境溶解-反应量热计, 测定了该配合物的标准摩尔生成焓为: ΔfHm0=-(7223.1±2.4) kJ•mol-1. 相似文献
50.
This paper is concerned with windshear detection in connection with real-time wind identification (Ref. 1). It presents a comparative evaluation of two techniques, one based on the shear/downdraft factor and one based on the wind difference index. The comparison is done with reference to a particular microburst, that which caused the 1985 crash of Flight Delta 191 at Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport.The shear/downdraft factor has the merit of combining the effects of the shear and the downdraft into a single entity. However, its effectiveness is hampered by the fact that, in a real situation, the windshear is accompanied by free-stream turbulence, which tends to blur the resulting signal. In turn, this results in undesirable nuisance warnings if the magnitude of the shear factor due to free-stream turbulence is temporarily larger than that due to true windshear. Therefore, proper filtering is necessary prior to using the shear/downdraft factor in detection and guidance. One effective way for achieving this goal is to average the shear/downdraft factor over a specified time interval . The effect of on the average shear/downdraft factor is studied. 相似文献